This Geotechnical Special Publication contains 26 papers that were accepted and presented at the GeoHunan International Conference on Challenges and Recent Advances in Pavement Technologies and Transportation Geotechnics, held in Changsha, Hunan, China, August 3 to 5, 2009. The five major topics covered are advances in laboratory characterization of pavement materials, forensic studies, rehabilitation strategy selection and preventative maintenance treatments, roadway widening and finally, stabilization, recycling, foamed bitumen and emulsion. The overall theme of the GSP is road pavement materials characterization and rehabilitation, and all papers cover various aspects of this theme. The information contained in the papers is well-balanced between theoretical analyses and practical applications. It would thus be well-worth to pavement engineers, researchers and practitioners to take note of the information as it should assist them in providing improved road pavement infrastructure to their stakeholders.